1. Concept
The purpose of using the reducer is to reduce the speed and increase the torque. The reducer plays the role of matching the speed and transmitting torque between the prime mover and the working machine. It is a relatively precise equipment, and the transmission efficiency reaches more than 98%.
2. How it works
Reducer is generally used for low speed and high torque transmission equipment. The power of motor, internal combustion engine or other high-speed operation is reduced by meshing the gear with few teeth on the input shaft of reducer with the big gear on the output shaft. Ordinary reducer will also have several pairs of gears with the same principle to achieve the ideal reduction effect. The ratio of the number of teeth of the big and small gears is the transmission ratio.
3. Main parameters affecting the running quality of reducer
3.1. Gear, housing and sealing materials;
3.2 structural design;
3.3 machining accuracy;
3.4 bearing quality and service life;
3.5 quality of lubricating oil.
4. Classification of reducer
4.1. According to different transmission stages, the reducer can be divided into single-stage and multi-stage;
4.2 according to the shape of gear plant, it can be divided into cylindrical gear reducer, bevel gear reducer and cone cylindrical gear reducer;
4.3 according to the layout of transmission, it can be divided into expansion type, split type and shaft type reducer.
5. The difference between reducer and frequency converter
Reducer is to reduce the final output speed of motor through mechanical transmission device, and inverter is to achieve the purpose of motor speed regulation by changing the AC frequency. When the motor speed is reduced by frequency converter, the purpose of energy saving can be achieved; In other words, the reducer is the terminal speed down, and the inverter is the head end speed down.
6. Design program
6.1. Original materials and data of design; Including (1) the type, specification, speed, power (or torque), starting characteristics, short-time overload capacity, moment of inertia, etc( 2) Type, specification, purpose, speed, power (or torque) of working machinery. Working system: constant load or variable load, load chart of variable load; Starting, braking and short-time overload torque, starting frequency; Impact and vibration degree; Rotation direction, etc( 3) The connection mode of prime mover, working machine and reducer, whether the shaft extension has radial force and axial force( 4) Installation type (relative position of reducer, prime mover and working machine, vertical and horizontal type)( 5) Transmission ratio and its allowable error( 6) Requirements for size and weight( 7) Requirements for service life, safety degree and reliability( 8) Environmental conditions such as ambient temperature, dust concentration, air velocity and pH value( 9) Lubrication and cooling conditions (whether there is circulating water and lubrication station) and restrictions on vibration and noise;
6.2. Select the type and installation type of reducer;
6.3 preliminary determination of various process methods and parameters: selection of performance level, preliminary determination of materials, heat treatment process, finishing method, lubrication method and lubricating oil of gears and main parts;
6.4. Determine the transmission stages: determine the transmission stages and transmission ratios at all levels according to the total transmission ratio;
6.5 overall scheme design: determine the structure of the reducer, the size of the shaft, the span and the bearing model, etc;
6.6 calculation of lubrication and cooling;
6.7 determine the accessories of reducer;
6.8 draw construction drawings.
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