The procurement of machinery manufacturing enterprises has a huge impact on the operation of the whole enterprise, which is closely related to the production, cost and quality of enterprise products. Some enterprises combine purchasing management with logistics transportation management to form a supply chain management system. In the whole process of enterprise management, procurement management is an important link, including suppliers, procurement process, purchaser management and the establishment of procurement system. If these four aspects are done well, enterprises can promote their operation through purchasing management.
Supplier management
Generally speaking, the suppliers of machinery manufacturing enterprises can be divided into three types: outsourcing processing suppliers, mechanical and electrical products accessories suppliers and hardware accessories suppliers.
The so-called outsourcing processing supplier refers to providing parts processing services for enterprises, especially for some non-standard parts suppliers, we need to pay more attention to the price, delivery time and quality control of parts. Therefore, when selecting suppliers, the relevant managers need to establish a task force in collaboration with the purchasing and manufacturing departments to jointly manage the outsourcing processing plants. The content of management is also multifaceted, including delivery date, price and quality, etc. we need to fully understand the personnel, equipment, price, processing quality, delivery speed and business information of the processing plant. Once the processing plant has passed the inspection and audit, it can supply small quantities first, and then increase the supply quantity. In this process, it can further monitor the quality of supply, delivery date, stability and commercial paper data. Only after all of them pass the assessment can they be included in the list of outsourcing factories.
It is equally important for enterprises to select and manage suppliers of mechanical and electrical products. Mechanical and electrical products include motor, reducer, hydraulic cylinder, PLC, frequency converter, etc. the management work is generally in the charge of a task force composed of purchasing department and design department. The supplier management of mechanical and electrical products accessories includes the price, performance, delivery time and quality of products. Generally, the designer selects the standby brands to establish the list of qualified brands of mechanical and electrical products. At the same time, buyers and designers can evaluate the products with more reasonable cost performance according to the list, and then add them to the brand list. The purchasing staff of the enterprise should select suppliers from these brands to quote, and provide a small amount of supply fee. The quality department will audit and determine the final supplier after comprehensive evaluation.
The third is the selection and management of hardware suppliers, including wire, screw, paint, drag chain, switch and other products. During management, the purchasing department needs to determine the brand or factory with reasonable cost performance according to the quality and performance of the supplier's accessories. Some parts can be purchased directly from manufacturers, while others need to be determined and managed after comprehensive evaluation of manufacturers and suppliers according to the mode of selecting suppliers.
Purchasing process management
No matter it is the purchasing department of the enterprise, it needs to establish a complete purchasing process management system. According to the actual situation of each enterprise, the established purchasing process may be different, but the general process is as follows:
The management department formulates the production plan, the design and manufacturing department issues the bill of materials - the warehouse determines the actual purchasing quantity (the demand of the bill of materials minus the inventory) - the purchasing department issues the actual purchasing list to the supplier - several suppliers collectively quote and quote the delivery date - the purchasing department negotiates the price after the review or selects the supplier - the purchasing department pays the deposit in advance - the supplier produces Delivery - acceptance by warehouse and quality department - payment by purchasing department.
In the whole process, the management department also needs to pay attention to: for the conventional material procurement, it does not need to go through layer upon layer approval, but the procurement list must be confirmed. For the procurement of Sino Australian materials and new materials, it needs to strictly control, and supervise the quality, price and delivery time of suppliers. In addition, high quality procurement process management can help enterprises reduce costs, including the development of new suppliers with higher cost performance, large-scale procurement, direct procurement from factories, etc., which can have an immediate effect.
Buyer management
Buyer plays an important role in the purchasing environment. Therefore, buyer management is also an important factor to ensure the quality of purchasing. In the selection of buyers, in addition to pay attention to personal ability, also need to consider the moral factors. It should be noted that the purchasing post is very tempting. The purchasing staff should not only have the professional ability, but also have a sense of integrity. The best way for an enterprise is to select purchasers through internal assessment, and the main indicators of assessment are professional ability and integrity of personality characteristics. Through the training of purchasing ability, the quality of purchasers can be improved.
In addition, reasonable procurement process design can also effectively avoid the risk of procurement. When designing the purchasing process, enterprises should reduce the excessive concentration of purchasing power, and eliminate the temptation of purchasers and heads of purchasing departments. In the implementation of supervision, enterprises need to set up supervision departments, formulate reward and punishment policies to supervise purchasers.
Establish purchasing system
The establishment of procurement system and the improvement of enterprise information management level have a great role in promoting the quality of enterprise procurement management. The procurement system is established by the management department in collaboration with the procurement, design, production and quality departments, including the brand, supplier, procurement content of each batch, fund payment and bill record of each supplier, etc.
To establish a perfect procurement system, the procurement department needs to update the procurement content regularly, including the analysis and summary of major procurement projects, so as to serve as the internal sharing information platform of the enterprise and realize the collaborative use and supervision of multiple departments of the enterprise.
For non-standard machinery manufacturing enterprises, the importance of procurement is beyond doubt. Due to the short delivery time and high price of procurement content in non-standard machinery enterprises, the procurement department needs to cooperate with the management department and project team to follow up the procurement, arrival, change, quality problem handling and procurement information publicity of the project in real time. Therefore, in order to do a good job in purchasing management, we must actively participate in the enterprise management department, select appropriate personnel, keep a positive and serious spirit of purchasing staff, and cooperate with efficient purchasing management system. Only in this way can we help enterprises find excellent partners, effectively complete the purchasing task, and keep the rapid development of enterprises.
